Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 247-249 , May 2000

Relapse and recurrent tuberculosis in the context of a National Tuberculosis Control Programme

  • A.D. Harries

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for correspondence: Prof. A. D. Harries, British High Commission, P.O. Box 30042, Lilongwe 3, Malawi; fax +265 782 657.
    • National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 30377, Capital City, Lilongwe 3, Malawi
  • ,
  • N.J. Hargreaves

      Affiliations

    • National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 30377, Capital City, Lilongwe 3, Malawi
    • Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK
  • ,
  • J.H. Kwanjana

      Affiliations

    • National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 30377, Capital City, Lilongwe 3, Malawi
  • ,
  • F.M.L. Salaniponi

      Affiliations

    • National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box 30377, Capital City, Lilongwe 3, Malawi

Received 15 September 1999 ,Revised 3 November 1999 ,Accepted 17 November 1999.

References 

  1. Anonymous In: 4th edition. TB Manual of the Malawi National Tuberculosis Control Programme. Lilongwe: Ministry of Health and Population; 1999;
  2. Elliott AM, Halwiindi B, Hayes RJ, Luo N, Mwinga AG, Tembo G, et al. The impact of human immunodeficiency virus on response to treatment and recurrence rate in patients treated for tuberculosis: two-year follow-up of a cohort in Lusaka, Zambia. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1995;98:9–21
  3. Enarson DA, Rieder HL, Arnadottir T, Trebucq A. Tuberculosis Guide for Low Income Countries. fourth edition. Paris: International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease; 1996;
  4. Godfrey-Faussett P, Githui W, Batchelor B, Brindle R, Paul J, Hawken M, et al. Recurrence of HIV-related tuberculosis in an endemic area may be due to relapse or reinfection. Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1994;75:199–202
  5. Harries AD, Maher D, Mvula B, Nyangulu DS. An audit of HIV testing and HIV serostatus in tuberculosis patients, Blantyre, Malawi. Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1995;76:413–417
  6. Harries AD, Maher D, Nunn P. An approach to the problems of diagnosing and treating adult smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in high-HIV-prevalence settings in sub-Saharan Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 1998;76:651–662
  7. Hawken M, Nunn P, Gathua S, Brindle R, Godfrey-Faussett P, Githui W, et al. Increased recurrence of tuberculosis in HIV-1 infected patients in Kenya. Lancet. 1993;342:332–337
  8. Kassim S, Sassan-Morokro M, Ackah A, Abouya LY, Digbeu H, Yesso G, et al. Two-year follow-up of persons with HIV-1- and HIV-2-associated pulmonary tuberculosis treated with short-course chemotherapy in West Africa. AIDS. 1995;9:1185–1191
  9. Kelly P, Burnham G, Radford C. HIV seropositivity and tuberculosis in a rural Malawi hospital. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1990;84:725–727
  10. Kelly PM, Cumming RG, Kaldor JM. HIV and tuberculosis in rural sub-Saharan Africa: a cohort study with two year follow-up. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1999;93:287–293
  11. Kool HE, Bloemkolk D, Reeve PA, Danner SA. HIV seropositivity and tuberculosis in a large general hospital in Malawi. Tropical and Geographical Medicine. 1990;42:128–132
  12. Pablos-Mendez A, Raviglione MC, Laszlo A, Binkin N, Rieder HL, Bustreo F, et al. Global surveillance for antituberculosis-drug resistance, 1994–1997. New England Journal of Medicine. 1998;338:1641–1649
  13. Perriens JH, Colebunders RL, Karahunga C, Willame JC, Jeugmans J, Kaboto M, et al. Increased mortality and tuberculosis treatment failure rate among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive compared with HIV seronegative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with ‘standard’ chemotherapy in Kinshasa, Zaire. American Review of Respiratory Diseases. 1991;144:750–755
  14. Van den Broek J, Mfinanga S, Moshiro C, O'Brien R, Mugomela A, Lefi M. Impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the outcome of treatment and survival of tuberculosis patients in Mwanza, Tanzania. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1998;2:547–552
  15. WHO . Treatment of tuberculosis: guidelines for national programmes. In: second edition. WHO/TB/97.220. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997;

PII: S0035-9203(00)90306-7

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 247-249 , May 2000